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The COVID-19 pandemic and the global recession it has triggered have put serious pressures on Allied defence budgets. As governments enact fiscal stimulus packages to bolster aggregate demand, there is growing concern amongst strategic thinkers that defence spending…
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In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced perhaps the most ambitious investment and infrastructure programme ever conceived. The ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) has since become the boldest expression yet of China’s global economic, diplomatic, and strategic…
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The COVID-19 crisis has a significant short- and long-term impact on many aspects of the civilian dimension of security. This special report firstly examines the link between repressive policies and the aggravation of the health crisis. It shows that human rights…
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The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic which was first identified in China in late 2019 has expanded to touch nearly every corner of the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) assessed COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The speed and the scale of the virus’ global spread have been…
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The Gulf, like other parts of the Middle East, is both a source of friction and cooperation between Europe and the United States. This reflects both convergent and divergent interests in the region, but it is also emblematic of more enduring changes underway in the…
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The contemporary global liberal order, established in the aftermath of World War II, and the values of individual liberty, democracy, human rights and rule of law that underpin it have formed the foundation of the Alliance since its creation. Using its expanding…
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The global community is currently undergoing the most consequential pandemic since the outbreak of Spanish influenza in 1918-19. Pandemics, however, are not as rare as many have thought. Indeed, there have been four major pandemics over the last 120 years when flu…
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Obtaining insights in Africa’s security dynamics related to the evolving security landscape in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region was the main focus of a NATO PA visit to Addis Ababa from 23 to 25 September 2019.  The current state of cooperation between…
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Azerbaijan has emerged as a key strategic partner for Europe. The much-anticipated completion of the Southern Gas Corridor in 2020 will mark a major step in diversifying the energy supply base of southern Europe. That project will bring significant quantities of gas from Azerbaijan’s massive…
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The report focuses on the rapidly shifting parameters of global space markets. These were once dominated by large countries with important military and scientific space programmes. Commercial market players today, however, are no longer supplying governments with…
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The unprecedented growth of the world economy over the last sixty years has been premised on liberal market reform and free trade. Worryingly, in recent years, there has been a backlash against free trade, and this has emerged as a common theme among populist political…
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